What is the work of Virtual Machine?
Role of the Virtual Machine (JVM) in Java
A Virtual Machine is a software-based computer that runs programs as if they were on real hardware. In Java, the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) executes compiled Java bytecode and provides a secure, portable runtime environment.
Key Functions of the JVM
- Executes Java bytecode by interpreting it and using Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation to convert it into fast, native machine code.
- Ensures platform independence so the same program runs on different operating systems (“write once, run anywhere”).
- Manages memory automatically, including heap allocation, stack management, and garbage collection.
- Provides security through bytecode verification, sandboxing, and controlled class loading.
- Loads, links, and initializes classes at runtime, enabling dynamic behavior and modularity.
- Supports runtime services such as multithreading, exception handling, and performance monitoring.
In Short
The Virtual Machine (JVM) runs Java programs efficiently and safely by abstracting the underlying hardware, handling memory and security, and delivering true cross-platform compatibility.